When Your Child Has Hydronephrosis

Hydronephrosis is swelling of a kidney due to a backup of urine. It may be mild, moderate, or severe. Often, the condition is not serious. For many children, the problem goes away with time. In some cases, treatment is needed. Read on to learn more.

When Your Child Has Vesicoureteral Reflux

Your child has been diagnosed with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). This condition affects the urinary tract. VUR is not painful. And it can be treated or managed. In some cases, children even outgrow the condition. Your child's healthcare provider will tell you more about choices for your child.

When Your Child Needs Surgery for Hypospadias

Hypospadias means your child's urethra doesn't reach the tip of the penis. So the opening of the penis is in the wrong place. Surgery can fix this. It can also be done to correct how the penis looks. Learn about the different surgery methods, and what to expect.

Using the Amsler Grid

If you are at risk for vision loss, you may be told to check your eyesight regularly using the Amsler grid. Here is the grid and instructions for using it.

Diabetic Retinopathy: Controlling Your Risk Factors

Diabetic retinopathy happens when diabetes harms blood vessels in the rear of the eye. This can lead to vision loss. You can help reduce your risk of vision loss by taking care of your health. Managing your diabetes and other health problems can make diabetic retinopathy less likely.